Percentage Limitations on the Deductibility of Charitable Donations

y">contribution is reduced by all of the unrealized
The tax code allows individuals a tax deduction forappreciation in the value of the property. This election
contributions to charitable organizations that areis typically made when the donor wants a larger
tax-exempt under section 501(c)(3). In general, thededuction during the year that a gift is made of
donor is entitled to deduct the fair market value ofproperty that has not yet fully appreciated in its value.
property donated to a 501(c)(3) organization. However,The fourth and fifth percentage limitations apply to gifts
the extent of charitable contributions that can beto private foundations. Under the fourth limitation,
deducted for a particular tax year is limited to a certaincontributions of cash and ordinary income property to
amount of an individual's contribution base, essentiallyprivate foundations may not exceed 30% of the
an amount equal to their adjusted gross income- thedonor's contribution base (AGI). The carry over rule
donor's taxable income before claiming itemizedalso applies to these gifts.
deductions like mortgage interest or charitableFinally, the fifth percentage limitation is 20% of an
contributions. The level of annual deductibility is subjectindividual donor's AGI on gifts of capital gains property
to certain five percentage limitations, and is subject todonated to private foundations.
several factors, including the nature of the charitableFor corporations, different percentage limitations are in
recipient and the nature of the property donated.place. Deductible contributions for a corporation are
The first three limitations apply to gifts made to publiclimited to 10% of the tax year's pre-tax net income.
charities and private operating foundations. First, thereExcess may be carried over and deducted in
is a limitation of 50% of a donor's adjusted grosssubsequent years. For corporations, the tax laws do
income for gifts of cash and ordinary income propertynot differentiate between gifts to public charities and
made to either of the aforementioned types ofgifts to private foundations.
organizations. For example, a donor whose AGI isAs you plan for charitable giving, and consider its
$100,000 for the year may deduct charitable donationssubsequent tax benefits, it is also important to keep in
up to $50,000. While the donor may give as much asmind what types of contributions are not tax
they choose, they are simply limited to the amountdeductible. These include:
they can claim as a write off. If the donor does- Contributions to political parties, political campaigns, or
choose to make contributions in excess of the 50%,political action committees.
the excess may generally be carried over and- Contributions given to individual people.
deducted in subsequent years.- Fees or dues paid to professional associations.
The second percentage limitation for gifts to public- Contributions to labor unions, chambers of commerce,
charities and private operating foundations is 30% ofor business associations.
their AGI for gifts of capital gains property (stocks,- Contributions to for-profit schools and hospitals.
bonds, real estate, and the like). Any excess of the- Contributions to foreign governments.
30% is also subject to the carry forward rule. A donor- Fines or penalties paid to local or state governments.
who makes contributions of both cash and capital- The value of your time for services rendered to a
gains property during a single tax year is subject to anon-profit. When giving to charity, it's always a smart
combination of these percentage limitations, so that theidea to first conduct some due diligence. Make sure
total deduction does not exceed the 50% limitation.the charity is a qualified, and you obtain a receipt for
The final limitation for gifts to public charities andyour donation. As a reminder, charitable donations must
private operating foundations allows a donor of capitalbe made by December 31st. This is true whether you
gains property to take advantage of the 50% limitation,give money or donate non-cash goods.
instead of the 30% limitation, when the amount of the