Tax Issues Related To Foreclosure

For the first time in more than 13 years, we are seeingto be such an unusual circumstance, homeowners
an increasing number of homeowners lose theirwho lose their homes to foreclosure should be able to
homes in foreclosure. In fact, as recently reported inexclude up to $500,000 in gain if married and $250,000
the North County Times, California led the nation in totalif single.
foreclosure filings during the last quarter, showing asSadly, capital losses resulting from the sale of your
many as one filing for every 88 households. On top ofhome are not deductible.
all the financial stresses hitting you if you are goingUnfortunately, in an environment of rising home prices
through this, there are some complicated taxand frequent refinancing, it is possible to have a gain
consequences to deal with.from foreclosure that far exceeds the excludible gains
Essentially, a foreclosure is treated as a sale for taxdiscussed above ---- $500,000 is not as much as it
purposes. Usually, a 1099 form will be issued to youonce was, and the limits have not been adjusted for
and reported to the IRS, showing the gross proceedsinflation. To make sure you don't pay unnecessary
of the sale. There is also an escrow closing statementtaxes when you sell, it is important for you to keep
produced, which shows the total value for which thetrack of the "basis," which is, generally the cost of your
house was transferred to the lender. This closinghome. This would include the initial purchase price and
statement typically includes the unpaid taxes andall of the improvements during the time that the home
interest that have accrued, as well as the principalis owned. If the original purchase followed a gain on a
balance of the loan at the point of transfer.previous home that was deferred under pre-1997 rules,
As the seller, you would generally total all of thesethis will further lower your basis and increase the
"credits" and report this amount as the sales price ofpotential gain.
your property.There could be a surprising tax benefit to having your
The immediate concern is to determine if there is ahome foreclosed upon.If you are in this fix, you have
taxable gain. Even though the rules relating to the saleprobably stopped paying interest and property taxes
of a personal residence were changed in 1997, manyfor a while. During foreclosure, these expenses that
taxpayers are not aware of how to apply these rules.have been deferred end up being paid by the lender.
As it stands, it is no longer necessary to buy anotherThe strange result is that even though you lose your
home or be older than 55 to exclude a gain. Thehome and have not been paying the taxes or interest
crucial issue is that you need to own and live in yourin cash, you may still be able to claim these items as
home for two out of the previous five years.itemized deductions.Instead of going the foreclosure
However, even this two-year rule can be bent a little ifroute, you may be considering a "short sale" to save
you are selling because of a job change or if youyour credit. This is discussed in another article that is
have other unusual circumstances. Since losing thealso posted.
financial ability to maintain a property has been found